Online Exercise::Using context clues

Click  to choose the answer.

1.  Joan loves to buy exotic foods: vegetables and herbs from China, spices from India, olives from Greece, and cheeses from France.
expensive
seasonings
rare from 
other places 

2.  Emotionally disturbed people may be troubled by morbid thoughts. For instance, they may often think about suicide or murder.
disturbing
dealing with death
psychologically ill
scary 

3.  At first, the surgery seemed to be successful. But several hours later, the patient’s condition began to deteriorate, and it continued to worsen over the next few days.
stabilize
surprise
everyone change
decay or decline 

4.  In Dickens’ A Christmas Carol, the miserly Ebenezer Scrooge is visited by three spirits who changed him into a generous man.
cheapskate
single and elderly
unhappy
wealthy 

5.  Raul is an indulgent father. For instance, he lets his daughter stay up as late as she likes and he never insists that she does her homework.
lazy  and caring
stupid and kind
strict and mean
lenient and tolerant 

6.  Languages evolve over time, as you can see if you open a page of The Canterbury Tales, written about six hundred years ago by the English poet Chaucer. It is barely recognizable as English today.
develop
age
increase complexity
regress 

7.  The decision Veronica made to study instead of going out for pizza with her friends was prudent. She got an A on the exam, while her friends all got D’s.
anti-social
careful and wise
selfish
calculating 

8.  Whenever something bad happens to Jane, she ways it’s the fault of destiny. But I prefer to take charge of my own life rather than simply blaming fate.
bad luck
evil caused by someone
poor planning
event that happens regardless 

9.  My father died when I was a baby, but Mom told me so many stories about him that I feel I knew him well. For example, one anecdote was about how he cried with joy when I was born.
medicine or cure
biographical account
example
joke 

10.  Ivan is a wonderful piano player. But Jerri is more versatile; she sings, acts, paints and writes poetry, and also plays the piano.
talented
show off
superior skills
many abilities

11. This third grade was full of precocious children. One child had learned to read at two and another could do algebra at age 6.
backward
active
ahead
pretty

12. I expected truthfulness from a doctor; I was shocked by his mendacity.
duplicity
meanness
candidness
knowledge

13. When my grandfather meets someone with that much knowledge in a field, he finds that their erudition frightens him and he is inclined to withdraw.
rudeness
scholarliness
illiteracy
age

14. When going to an office party you should show your best decorum, for example, dress your best, drink and eat moderately, and be sure to thank the host before you leave.
civility
decorations
party moves
rudeness

15. We thought that the mother would be very distraught at hearing of her husband's accident; however, she took the news quite calmly.
tranquil
angry
disgusted
anxious

16. It is refreshing to see students so excited, so zealous in doing their homework.
zany
dedicated
indifferent
jealous

 

Click here to check the Answers! (When finish all)

Summarize the Lesson::Using Context Clues

Context Clues

Context Clues – What Are They?

• Context clues are bits of information from the text that, when combined with prior knowledge, allow you to decide the meaning of unknown words in the story or article you are reading.
• As a reader you must act similar to a detective and put together clues from sentences surrounding an unknown word in order to make an intelligent “guess” as to what the definition of a word is.

Context Clues – How Do They Help You Read New Words?

• Textbook writers and authors include words or phrases to help their readers understand the meaning of a new or difficult word.
• These words or phrases are built into the sentences around the new or difficult word.  By becoming more aware of the words around a difficult word, readers can make logical guesses about the meanings of many words.

Still Wondering What a Context Clue Is?

Watch a video clip.  Pay careful attention to what the song tells you.

Types of Context Clues

Authors use many different types of context clues when writing texts.  
Three of these types are:

• Direct definition context clues
• Synonym context clues
• Antonym context clues

Direct definition context clues

are words that say, “Stop - don’t touch that dictionary. The definition of the word you don’t know is right here in the text!" 

Synonym context clues

are words around a difficult word that mean the same or nearly the same as the word. 

Antonym context clues

       are words around a difficult word that mean the opposite or nearly the opposite as the word. 

Summarize the Lesson::Understanding cause and effect

Cause and Effect

What Is It?

A cause and effect analysis is an attempt to understand why things happen as they do. People in many professions—accident investigators, scientists, historians, doctors, newspaper reporters, automobile mechanics, educators, police detectives—spend considerable effort trying to understand the causes and effects of human behavior and natural phenomena to gain better control over events and over ourselves. If we understand the causes of accidents, wars, and natural disasters, perhaps we can avoid them in the future. If we understand the consequences of our own behavior, perhaps we can modify our behavior in a way that will allow us to lead happier, safer lives.

____________________________________

Cause	Effect
Earthquakes Erosion Heavy Rain Poor Drainage Deforestation Steep Terrain	Mudslides
Mudslides	Flooding Property Loss Injury and Death

Why Is It Important?

One of the primary goals of education is to create empowered, analytic thinkers, capable of thinking through complex processes to make important decisions.

Whether students recognize cause-and-effect relationships or not, they are affected by them every day. Students experience them in their own lives, see them occur in the lives of others, read about them in both narrative and expository texts, and are asked to write about them. To be successful, students need to be able to clearly recognize these relationships so that they are able to think analytically in their personal and academic lives. Without the ability to identify these relationships, students are at risk socially and academically. They will not understand actions and consequences or be able to understand or describe phenomena at a deep level.

How Can You Make It Happen?

Helping students develop the ability to think and talk intelligently about causes and effects will grow naturally over time, as students take part in multiple conversations about why things happen as they do, how one thing leads to another, how a single event can have multiple causes—and multiple consequences—and how some consequences are intended and some are not. It is not a strategy that can be mastered in a few lessons. It all begins with how you structure classroom discussions.

Here are some general guidelines for introducing cause and effect into discussions:

1. Always ask why. Why did the fish in the classroom aquarium die? Why were slaves more important in the South than in the North? Why do people continue to commit crimes after being released from prison? What are the causes and effects of bullying in schools?
2. After students answer the Why questions, ask them, "How do you know? What is your evidence?" Have students find research or texts to justify their position.
3. Encourage students to consider multiple causes of events. Make lists of possible causes of events, and then try to determine which are more likely, or important, than others.
4. Encourage students to consider multiple consequences. How did World War II change life in America? What happens when we waste electricity? What are some of the likely consequences of global warming? What consequences does the behavior of a character in a story have on the lives of other characters?
5. Use graphic organizers, such as cause-and-effect chains, flow charts, and feedback loops, to help students think about complex cause-and-effect relationships.
6. Help students develop the vocabulary of cause and effect. Teach power words such as consequence, consequently, influence, and as a result. Also teach qualifiers such as partly responsible for and largely because of. Encourage students to qualify cause-and-effect statements with words such as possibly, probably, or almost certainly. Explain that whenever there is doubt (as there often is in matters of cause and effect), qualifying words actually strengthen an argument. Compare the following sentences, and ask students to consider which statement is easier to agree with.
• The author created a happy ending in order to please the reader.
• The author probably created a happy ending in order to please the reader.
7. Connect students' understanding of cause-and-effect relationships to their writing. Point out that writers use the language of cause and effect to inform, to persuade, and to provide their readers with an understanding of order. Help students describe cause-and-effect relationships in their writing. Encourage them to use graphic organizers to illustrate their ideas.

Online Exercise::Linking words

Click onto choose the correct answer
 
1. I want to go to the supermarket ____ buy some food.

and

or

but

so

  

2. I haven't got any money ____ I can't go out to the cinema.

and

or

but

so

   

 
3. Do you want to watch television ____ listen to some music?

and

or

but

so

   

 
4. I went to John's house ____ he wasn't there.

and

or

but

so

   

 
5. What would you like to drink? Tea ____ coffee?

and

or

but

so

 
6. I had a shower ____ then I got dressed.

and

or

but

so

  

7. I can help you ____ don't worry.

and

or

but

so

   

 
8. You must work hard ____ you will not pass the exam.

and

or

but

so

   

 
9. The weather is beautiful ____ we are going out for a picnic.

and

or

but

so

   

 
10. I can use a computer ____ I can't cook.

and

or

but

so

   

 
11. You should go home ____ have a rest.

and

or

but

so

  

 
12. We must leave now ____ we'll miss the plane.

and

or

but

so

Check answer Here!(When finish all)

1. Number1  
2. Number2  
3. Number3  
4. Number4  
5. Number5  
6. Number6   
7. Number7  
8. Number8  
9. Number9  
10. Number10
11. Number11
12. Number12

Online Exercise::Cause and Effect

Click on  to choose the correct answer
 1. What is the EFFECT in the following sentence:
Sentence: The mother bird gathers dried grass to build her nest.
A. mother bird
B. gathers
C. Build her next
D. gathers dried grass


2. What is the CAUSE in the following sentence:
Sentence: The tree fell in the middle of the road because of the high wind.
E. high wind
F. because
G. tree fell
H. in the middle of the road


________________________________________________________________

3. Select the best CAUSE for the following EFFECT.
Effect : cut her finger
A. outside
B. in the house
C. yesterday
D. Sarah picked up broken glass

4. Select the best EFFECT for the following CAUSE.
Cause: Ashley loved to read
E. story books
F. reading
G. she had many books
H. loved

________________________________________________________________



5. What word or words indicated a CAUSE/EFFECT relationship?
Sentence: When the fire alarm sounded everyone walked out of the classroom in a quiet line.
A. everyone
B. When
C. sounded
D. walked

6. Identify the CAUSE in the following sentence:
Sentence: The yard looked nice since Kyle mowed and raked the grass.
E. looked nice
F. Kyle mowed
G. since
H. mowed and raked the grass


________________________________________________________________

7. Identify the EFFECT for the following sentence:
Sentence: Bradley improved his hitting after taking batting practice.
A. Bradley improved his hitting
B. after
C. taking batting practice
D. practice

8. Select the best CAUSE for the following EFFECT.
Effect: The house was dark
E. when
F. electricity went out
G. last night
H. dark

________________________________________________________________

9. Select the best EFFECT for the following CAUSE.
Cause: the cat ran away
A. therefore
B. and
C. Kate cried all day
D. ran away

10. What clue word or words identify a CAUSE and an EFFECT relationship and/or connection?
Sentence: Mom made lemonade so that the kids could have something to drink.
E. made
F. so that
G. could have
H. lemonade

_________________________________________________________________
When you finish all Click Here to check the answer.

Answer::Exercise pp.18

Exercise E. page 18

Understanding Cause and Effect

E. Read the cause and write an effect. Then write one full sentence that states the cause and effect 

1. Cause :  A storm hit the city.
Effect :  All the residents fled.
Sentence: A storm hit the city , so all the residents fled.

2.  Cause : I planted some trees.
 Effect : We get more oxygen.
 Sentence: I planted some trees , so we get more oxygen.

3.  Cause : My sister stayed up past midnight.
 Effect : She is getting not enough sleep.
Sentence: My sister stayed up past midnight , so she is getting not enough sleep.

4. Cause : Lena missed school on Monday.
 Effect : She was not able to catch up with her friends.
 Sentence: Lena missed school , so she was not able to catch up with her friends.

5. Cause : David signed up for French classes.
  Effect : He speak good French language.
  Sentence: David signed up for French classes , so he speak good French language

Summarize the Lesson::Linking Words

Linking words

 

7 Type of Linking word

1. - Giving examples

2. - Adding information

3. - Summarising

4. - Sequencing ideas

5. - Giving a reason

6. - Giving a result

7. - Contrasting ideas

 

Giving examples

• For example

• For instance

• Namely

 

Adding information

• And

• In addition

• As well as

• Also

• Too

• Furthermore

• Moreover

• Apart from

• In addition to

• Besides

 

Summarising

 

• In short

• In brief

• In summary

• To summarise

• In a nutshell

• To conclude

• In conclusion

 

Sequencing ideas

 

• The former, … the latter

• Firstly & secondly & finally

• The first point is

• Lastly

• The following

Giving a reason

• Due to / due to the fact that

• Owing to / owing to the fact that

• Because

• Because of

• Since

• As

Giving a result

 

• Therefore

• So

• Consequently

• This means that

• As a result

Contrasting ideas

• But

• Although / even though

• Despite / despite the fact that

• In spite of / in spite of the fact that

• Nevertheless

• Nonetheless

• While

• Whereas

• Unlike

• In theory… in practice…

Answer::Exercise pp.20

Understanding Cause and effect
     

C. Read each sentence. Then complete table

1. Tony away from school as he was in the hospital

2. Pen- chan was scared, so she called for help

3. There was a strike and the buses did not ply

4. The plants died as there was no water

5. Eric forgot his swimsuit and therefore could not swim

6. The street lights were switched on, so we could see our way

7. The match was abandoned when it rained

8. He lost control of his car as the brakes were faulty
   

Causes	Effects
Tony was in the hospital	He  away from school
.Pen- chan was scared	she called for help
There was a strike	the buses did not ply
There was no water	The plants died
Eric forgot his swimsuit	therefore could not swim
The street lights were switched on	we could see our way
rained	The match was abandoned
He lost control of his car	the brakes were faulty